102. Al-Husayn Bin Shu'ayb al-Mada'ini
Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
2
103. Al-Husayn Bin Salih al-Khath'ami
Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
3
104. Al-Husayn Bin 'Abd Rabbah
He exchanged letters with Imam al-Rida, peace be on him. His son 'Ali b. al-Husayn narrated the letters.
4
105. Al-Husayn Bin 'Ali Bin Rabï'
He was the retainer of the Hashimites. Al-Barqi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
5
106. Al-Husayn Bin 'Ali Bin Yaqtïn
He is trustworthy. Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
6
107. Al-Husayn Bin 'Umar
He is trustworthy. Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
7
____________
2. Al-Tusi, Rijal.
3. Ibid.
4. Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith.
5. Al-Barqi, Rijal.
6. Al-Tusi, Rijal.
7. Ibid.
( 631 )
108. Al-Husayn Bin Qiyama
He was a Waqifi. Al-Kashi narrated on the authority of al-Husayn b. Bashshar, who said: "I and al-Husayn b. Qiyama asked permission (to visit) Imam al-Rida and he gave us permission. He asked us: 'What is your need?' Al-Husayn asked him: 'Will the earth be empty of an Imam?' 'No,' he replied, 'except the one who is silent and does not speak.' 'I have come to know that you are not an Imam,' al-Husayn declared. 'From whom have you come to know (that)?' asked the Imam. 'You have no son,' replied al-Husayn, 'it (the Imamate) belongs to the children. 'By Allah,' he, peace be on him, said, 'The days and nights will not pass unless a male is born from my own loins. He will undertake my position, give life to the truth, and destroy falsehood.
1'"
109. Al-Husayn Bin Musa
Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him, he also numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Kazim, and said: "He (al-Husayn b. Musa) was a Waqifi.
2" The Imam, peace be on him, has a letter which we will mention when we mention his letters.
110. Al-Husayn Bin Mayyah
Ibn Dawud reported on the authority of Ibn al-Ghada`'iri, (who said:) "He (al-Husayn b. Mayyah) was one of the companions of Imam al-Kazim and al-Rida, peace be on them. He is a weak (traditionalist) and an extremist).
3"
111. Al-Husayn Bin Yasar al-Mada'ini
He narrated on the authority of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him, and 'Ali b. Ahmed b. Ashyam reported on his authority.
4
____________
1. Al-Kashi.
2. Al-Tusi, Rijal.
3. Ibn Dawud, Rijal.
4. Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol. 6, p. 117.
(632 )
112. Hammad Bin Bakr Bin Mohammed al-Azdi
Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
1
113. Hammad Bin 'Uthman
b. 'Amru b. Khalid al-Fazari. He was their (the Imams') retainer. He was a Kufan. He lived at 'Arzam, and so he was ascribed to it. He and his brother 'Abd Allah are trustworthy. They narrated on the authority of Imam al-Sadiq, peace be on him. As for Hammad, he narrated on the authority of Imam al-Kazim and Imam al-Rida, peace be on them. He died in Kufa, in the year 190 A. H.
114. Hammad Bin 'Uthman al-Nab
Shaykh al-Barqi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam Abu Abd Allah, al-Kazim and al-Rida, peace be on them. Al-Kashi numbered him as one of those whose traditions the Shï'ites regard as authentic. He (Hammad b. 'Uthman) died in Ku`fa, in the year 190 A. H.
115. Hammad Bin 'Isa
His
kunya is Abu Mohammed al-Juhni. He was originally from Kufa and lived in Basrah. He narrated twenty traditions on the authority of Imam Abu 'Abd Allah al-Sadiq, Imam Abu Hasan and Imam al-Rida, peace be on them. He is trustworthy and very truthful in his tradition. He said: "I heard seventy traditions from Abu 'Abd Allah, peace be on him, and I was still having doubt in myself until I confined myself to these twenty (traditions).
4"
He came to Imam al-Kazim, peace be on him, and said to him: "May I be your ransom, supplicate Allah for me in order to provide
____________
1. Al-Barqi, Rijal.
2. Al-Barqi.
3. AL-Kashi.
4. Al-Najashi.
(633 )
me with a house, a wife, a son, a retainer and performing the hajj every year." So he (the Imam), peace be on him, said: "O Allah, bless Mohammed and the Household of Mohammed, and provide him with a house, a wife, a son, a retainer and performing the hajj more than fifty years."
Hammad said: "When he (the Imam) mentioned fifty years, I came to know that I would not perform the hajj more than fifty years." He added: "I performed the hajj forty-eight years. This is my house with which I have been provided. That is my wife behind the curtain, and she can hear my words. This is my son and this is my retainer. I have been provided with all of that." After this speech, he performed the hajj two years and completed fifty years. After the fifty (years), he went out to perform the hajj. He accompanied Abu al-'Abba`s al-Nawfali al-Qasï~r. When he reached the place of the ritual consecration, he entered the valley to wash himself. However, the flood carried him away and he drowned before performing the fifty-one hajj.
1
He wrote some books of which are the following:
1. Kitab al-Zakat (the Book of Alms).
2. Kitab al-Salat (the Book of Prayer).
2
116. Hamdan Bin Ibrahïm al-Ahwazi
He was from Kufa. Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
3
117. Hamza Bin Buzaygh al-Waqifi
Ali b. Abu Hamza al-Bataiyini, Ziyad b. Marwan al-Qandi, and 'Uthman b. 'Isa al-Rawasi made him incline to the Waqifiya. That was when they craved for the lawful rights with which they were entrusted. They gave something of them to Hamza b. Buzaygh, Ibn Maka`ri, and Karra`m al-Khath'ami.
4
____________
1. Al-Kashi.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid.
(634 )
Ibrahïm b. Yahya b. Abu al-Bilad narrated, saying: [Al-Rida said:] "What did Hamza b. Buzaygh, the wretched one, do?" I (i.e. Ibrahïm b. Yahya` ) replied: "He has just come." So he, peace be on him, declared: "He (Hamza b. Buzaygh) claims that my father is still living. Today he is a doubter and tomorrow he will die unbeliever.
1"
118. Haydar Bin Ayyub
He was one of those who narrated the text from Abu al-Hasan Musa for the Imamate of his son, 'Ali al-Rida, peace be on him.
2
119. Khalaf Bin Salama al-Basri
Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam Abu al-Hasan al-Rida, peace be on him.
3
120. Khayran, the Retainer of Imam al-Rida
Al-Najashi said: "He (Khayran) has a book. Ahmed b. Mohammed b. Harun told us about the book.
4"
121. Darim Bin Qubaysa
Al-Najashi said: "Darim b. Qubaysa b. Nahshal b. Majjma', Abu al-Hasan al-Tamimi al-Darimi al-Sabih narrated on the authority of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him. He narrated on his authority
Kitab al-Wujuh wa al-Naza'ir and Kitab al-Nasikh wa al-Mansukh (the Book of the Abrogating and the Abrogated (verses)."
However, Ibn al-Ghada'iri criticized him, saying: "None likes and trusts his (Darim's) traditions.
5"
122. Dawud Bin Sulayman
b. Ja'far, Abu Ahmed al-Qazwïni. Ibn Nuh has mentioned him
____________
1. Ibid.
2. Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol. 6, p. 311.
3. Al-Tusi, Rijal.
4. Al-Najashi.
5. Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol. 7, p. 90.
( 635 )
in his (book)
al-Rijal. He (Da`wud) has a book on the authority of al-Rida, peace be on him.
1
123. Dawud Bin 'Ali al-'Abdi
He was one of the companions of al-Mahdi, the 'Abba`sid. Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
2
124. Dawud Bin 'Ali al-Ya'qubi
Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
3 Al-Najashi numbered him as one of those who narrated on the authority of Imam al-Kazim, peace be on him, and added that he was trustworthy and had a book.
4
125. Dawud Bin al-Qasim
b. Ishaq b. 'Abd Allah b. Ja'far b. Abu Talib, Abu Hisham al-Ja'fari. He had a great position with the Imams, peace be on them, such as Imam al-Rida, Imam al-Jawad, Imam al-Hadi, Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari, and the Argument of Allah on His earth, the awaited Imam, peace be on them. He narrated on their authority. He has traditions, questions, and good poetry concerning them. He was of great importance with the Sultan (ruler) and has a book.
Al-Kulayni reported on the authority of Da`wud b. al-Qa`sim, who said: "I went in to Abu Ja'far, peace be on him, and there were three pieces of paper without titles. I was unable to distinguish them, so l became grieved. He (i.e. Abu Ja'far) took one of them and said: 'This piece of paper belongs to so-and-so.' I became amazed (at him). Then he looked at me and smiled (at me). I said (to him): 'May I be your ransom, I am fond of eating clay. Pray to Allah for me.' He kept silent, and then he said to me: 'After three days starting (from this
____________
1. Al-Najashi.
2. Al-Tusi, Rijal.
3. Ibid.
4. Al-Najshi.
(636 )
day), Abu Hashim, Allah will remove eating clay from you.'" Abu Hashim said: "Nothing is more hateful to me than eating clay today. "
126. Dawud Bin Mafna al-Sarmi
He was the retainer of the Banu (children) of Qurra, and the Banu of Hurma. He was from Kufa. He narrated on the authority of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him. His
kunya is Abu Sulayman. He remained alive until the days of Abu al-Hasan al-'Askari, peace be on him, and he reported questions on his authority.
2
127. Dawud Bin al-Nu'man
Shaykh al-Tusi numbered him as one of the companions of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him.
3 Al-Kashi reported on the authority of Hamdawayh, on the authority of his Shaykhs, who said: "Dawud b. al-Nu'man is good and meritorious. He is the uncle of al-Hasan b. 'Ali b. al-Nu'man. 'Ali b. al-Nu'man ordered his books to be given to Mohammed b. Isma'ïl b. Buzaygh.
4"
128. Di'bil al-Khaza'i
He is the poet of Islam. He sacrificed his life for Allah, opposed the leaders of oppression and tyranny, supported the Imams of guidance and truth, and struggled bravely in their way. Hence, he was subject to the displeasure of the 'Abba`sid kings and their vengeance. Their organs and their detectives chased him, but he was steadfast paying no attention to terrors and misfortunes. Di'bil was the tongue of the front which opposed the corrupt 'Abba`sid government, which took exclusive possession of the blessings of the land and spent them generously on prostitution and impudence, and left the people to lead a life of poverty and deprivation. As a result, he satirized those kings and moved the discontent of the general populace against them.
____________
1. Al-Kashi.
2. Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith.
3. Al-Tusi, Rijal.
4. Al-Kashi.
(637 )
We will briefly mention the life of Di'bil and give an outline of his inspired personality.
His Scientific Position
In addition to the literary talents with which he was endowed and which made him one of the leading generation of his time, Di'bil was a scholar. He narrated on the authority of Imam al-Rida, peace be on him, and Abu Ja'far Mohammed al-Jawa`d, peace be on them,
1 who were two of the sources of Imami Jurisprudence. He also narrated on the authority of a group of the eminent figures of his time. The following are some of them:
1. Al-Ha`fiz Shu'ba b. al-Hajja`j who died in 160 A. H. Through this authority traditions are narrated on his authority in the books of the two parties (i. e. the Sunnis and the Shï~'ites), as it is in Shaykh al-Tusi's Amali, p. 240, and Ibn 'Asa`kir's Ta`rikh, vol. 5, p. 228.
2. Al-Hafiz Sufyan al-Thawri who died in the year 161 A. H. Ibn 'Asa`kir's Tarikh, vol. 5, p. 228.
3. The Imam of the Malikiya, Malik b. Anas who died in the year 179 A. H.
4. Abu Sa'ïd, Salim b. Nuh al-Basri who died after the year 200 A. H.
5. Abu 'Abd Allah Mohammed b. 'Amru al-Waqidi who died in the year 207 A. H.
6. Al-Ma'mun, the 'Abbasid Caliph, who died in the year 218 A. H.
7. Abu al-Fadl 'Abd Allah b. Sa'd al-Zuhri al-Baghdadi who died in the year 260 A. H.
8. Mohammed b. Salama. He (Di'bil) narrated on his (Mohammed b. Salama's) authority the famous sermon called al-Shaqshaqiya by the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, in the manner of the Shaykh of the (Shï~'ite) Sect in his (book) al-Ama`li.
9. Sa'ïd b. Sufyan al-Aslami al-Madani, Shaykh al-Tusi's Ama`li, p. 227.
____________
1. Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol. 7, p. 148.
( 638 )
10. Mohammed b. Isma'ïl.
11. Mujashi' b. 'Umar.
12. Musa b. Sahl al-Rasibi.
A group of the famous narrators also reported on the authority of Di'bil. The following are some of them:
1. Abu al-Hasan 'Ali, the brother of Di'bil.
2. Musa b. Hammad al-Yazïdi.
3. Abu al-Salt al-Harawi who died 236 A. H.
4. Harun b. 'Abd Allah al-Mahlabi.
5. 'Ali b. al-Hakam.
6. 'Abd Allah b. Sa'ïd al-Ashqari.
7. Musa b. 'Isa al-Marwazi.
8. Ibn al-Nadi Ahmed b. Abu Dawud who died 272 A. H.
9. Mohammed b. Musa al-Burayri.
1
This point reveals that he had a scientific position, and that his knowledge was not confined to literature and poetry; rather it included tradition and jurisprudence.
His Works
Di'bil wrote some books which show his scientific abilities. They are as follows:
1.
Kitab Tabaqat al-Shu'ara' (the Book of the Classes of Poets):
It is one of the valuable books and among the reliable fundamentals in literature and biographies. The eminent authors such as Ibn 'Asa`kir, al-Khatïb al-Baghdadi, Ibn Khulakan, al-Yafi'i, and others narrated on his authority. The following are some chapters of the book:
A. The Stories of the Poets of Basrah.
B. The Stories of the Poets of al-Hija`z.
C. The Stories of the Poets of Baghdad.
The book contains other chapters. It is one of the references.
2.
Kitab al-Wa`hida fi Manaqib al-'Arab wa Mathalibiha (the Book of the One on the good and bad Qualities of the Arabs).
2
____________
1. Al-Ghdir, vol. 2, p. 273. ' Abd al-Sahib al-Dujayli, Diwan Di'bil, pp. 22-24.
2. Ibid., pp. 371-372.
(639 )
3. Poetry Divan
The Divan was collected by al-Sawli and it contains three hundred pages, as Ibn al-Nadïm mentioned.
1 It is not available in the cases of the Arab manuscripts. It is most likely that it has been lost just as the rest of the other manuscripts which the Arab and Islamic world has lost.
The late Professor 'Abd al-Sa`hib al-Dujayli did his best for several years in order to collect Di'bil's poetry and to manifest it to the world of publications under the title of
Diwan Di'bil Bin 'Ali al-Khaza'i. The Divan was printed in Holy Najaf in the year 1382. It contains a full introduction in which the late professor has demonstrated the life and works of Di'bil. Through this task he has offered a service to thought and literature.
His Poetry
As for the poetry of Di'bil, it is one of the sources of Arab literature, for, in many of its stanzas, he has sincerely described the political and social life of his time and the various kinds of oppression and tyranny the people received from the 'Abba`sid rulers, whose reign was similar to that of the Umayyads; rather it was worse than that of the Umayyads.
