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CHAPTER XIII
THE TIME OF THE IMAM 719
THE SCIENTIFIC LIFE 719
The Satellite of Ibn al-Muqanna' 719
The Institutes and Libraries 720
The Depository of Wisdom 720
The Translation of Books 721
The Maps and Observatories 722
The Dominating Sciences 722
1. The Interpretation of the Qur'a`n 722
2. The Hadith (Tradition) 724
4. Science of Islamic Jurisprudence 724
4. Science of Fundamentals 725
5. Grammar 725
6. Theology 725
7. Medicine 726
8. Chemistry 726
9. Architecture and Civil Engineering 726
10. Astronomy 727
The Scientific Centers 727
1. Baghdad 727
2. Yathrib 727
3. Ku`fa 727
4. Basrah 728
THE ECONOMIC LIFE 729
The Revenues of the State 730
Extravagance and Wastefulness 730
Al-Ma'mu`n takes Boura`n in Marriage 731
The Misery and Wretchedness of the 733
Common People 733
Heavy Taxes imposed on Inheritances 735
Cruelty in taking Land Taxes 736
The Inheritance of the 'Abba`sid Kings 738
1. The Inheritance of al-Mansu`r 739
2. The Inheritance of al-Mahdi 739
3. The Inheritance of al-Rashïd 739
The Muslims hate the 'Abba`sid 740
Government 740
DISCORDS AND POPULAR REVOLTS 742
The Revolt of Abu` al-Sara`ya` 742
The Leader of the Revolt 742
Abu` al-Sara`ya` joins the Revolt 743
Abu` al-Sara`ya` meets Mohammed 744
The Declaration of the Revolt 744
The Death of the Leader Mohammed 746
Severe Punishments on the 750
'Alawides 750
THE LETTER OF AL-KHAWA`RIZMI 754
THE WA`QIFITIES 759
1. The Cause for the Wa`qifites' doctrines 759
2. The Wa`qifites' doctrines spread 760
The Ima`m condemns the Wa`qifites' 761
doctrines 761
THE PROBLEM OF CREATING THE QUR'A`N 766
FABRICATING LIES AGAINST THE IMA`MS 768

CHAPTER XIV
IN THE TIME OF AL-RASHI#D, AL-AMI#N, AND AL-MA'MUN 769
HA`RU`N AL-RASHID 769
A. Cruelty 769
B. Malice 770
MEANNESS 770
A. His Drinking Wine 770
B. His Fondness of Singing 771
C. His Playing Game at Dice 771
HA`RU`N AL-RASHID'S ATTITUDE TOWARD IMA`M AL-RIDA` 772
1. Safwa`n Bin Yahya` 773
2. Mohammed Bin Sina`n 773
'Isa` BIN JA'FAR INFORMS HA`RU`N AL-RASHID OF THE IMA`M 774
YAHYA` INFORMS HA`RU`N AL-RASHID OF THE IMA`M 774
THE IMA`M'S SUPPLICATION AGAINST THE BARA`MIKA 775
THE IMA`M'S HOUSE IS ATTACKED 776
SUFYA`N'S LETTER TO HA`RU`N 777
THE GOVERNMENT OF AL-AMIN 779
1. His Absorbing in Pleasures 779
2. His Hating Knowledge 779
3. His Weak Opinion 780
4. Concealing himself from Subjects 780
HIS DEPOSING AL-MA'MU`N 782
AL-RASHID IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THESE EVENTS 783
DESTRUCTIVE BATTLES 784
BAGHDAD IS BESIEGED 785
AL-AMIN IS MURDERED 788
THE GOVERNMENT OF AL-MA'MU`N 789
His Mother 789
AL-MA'MU`N'S QUALITIES 791
Treachery 791
1. 'Abd Allah Bin Mu`sa` al-Ha`di 791
2. Isha`q Bin Mu`sa` al-Ha`di 791
3. Hamïd Bin 'Abd al-Hamïd al-Tu`si 792
4. Al-Fadl Bin Sahl 792
Cruelty 793
Slyness 793
Inclination to Amusement 794
A. His Playing Chess 794
B. His Fondness of Music 795
C. His Drinking Wine 795
AL-MA'MU`N RECEIVES VALUABLE GIFTS 795
HIS AFFECTING SHIISM 796
1. Who taught him Shiism? 796
Returning Fadak to the 'Alawides 801
His Praising Ima`m 'Ali, the 802
Commander of the Faithful 802
His Disparaging Mu'a`wiya 805
His Proving the Ima`mate of Ima`m 'Ali 805
Al-Ma'mu`n 806
The Traditionalists 806
The First Proof 807
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 807
The Second Proof 808
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 808
The Third Proof 809
The Fourth Proof 809
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer to the Tradition 809
The Fifth Proof 810
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 810
The Sixth Proof 810
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 810
The Seventh Proof 811
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 811
The Eighth Proof 811
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 812
The Ninth Proof 812
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 812
The Tenth Proof 813
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 813
The Eleventh Proof 813
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 813
The Twelfth Proof 813
Al-Ma'mu`n's Answer 814
AL-MA'MU`N DEBATES WITH THEOLOGIANS 824
THE TRADITIONALISTS AND THE THEOLOGIANS KEEPS SILENT 829
HIS ENTRUSTING THE IMA`M WITH REGENCY 833
HIS SHIISM IS FALSE 833
THE REASONS FOR HIS PRETENDING SHIISM 839
HIS POLICY 840

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