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He was among the victims of the Umayyad injustice. Zyyad summoned Him, but he refused to meet Him. Zyyad reviewed the people so that he passed by Awfa and said: "Who is this?" It was said to Him: "Awfa b. Bism." Thus Zyyad said: "His two legs have br...

He was among the victims of the Umayyad injustice....

He was the chief of Quraysh in Basra and head of the Shi'ites there. His father, Hashim (al-Mirqal) b. Uttba b. Abu Waqqas was the brave leader of th left wing of the army of Ali, peace be on Him. He defeated Mu'awiya in a dreadful way at the Battle ...

He was the chief of Quraysh in Basra and head of t...

Rushayd al-Hajri1 He was the student of Ali, peace be on Him, and his companions who devoted Himself to Him. He was a religious scholar. He was famous for the knowledge fo deaths and disasters. Many people narrated accounts on his authority. However,...

Rushayd al-Hajri1 He was the student of Ali, peace...

If Hijr had wanted to resist with the weapon, he would have been able to ignite the fire of the revolution that would be strong enough to shake the position of Mu'awiya in Kufa. Mu'awiya understood that when he said after the killing of Hijr: "If Hij...

If Hijr had wanted to resist with the weapon, he w...

He was b. (son of) al-Kahil b. Habbib b. Amru b. al-Qayn b. Dharrah b. Amru b. Sa'd b. Ka'b b. Rabi'a al-Khaza'i. He became Muslims before the Conquest (of Mecca), and emigrated to Medina. He was a loyal companion. Thus the Prophet, may Allah bless h...

He was b. (son of) al-Kahil b. Habbib b. Amru b. a...

In his book (al-Furuq bayna al-Abatil wa al-huquq), Mohammed b. Bahr al-Shaybani has mentioned the following on the authority of al-Qasim b. Mujayma: "Mu'awiya did not fulfill anything of the covanant he made with Al-Hasan. I (ie, al-Qasim b. Mujayma...

In his book (al-Furuq bayna al-Abatil wa al-huquq)...

He was a leading companion of Hijr. He had an iron heart, a strong belief, and correct words. He was captured and brough before Zyyad who said to him: "O enemy of Allah, what do you think of Abu Turab (ie, Imam Ali)?" "I do not know Abu Turab," repli...

He was a leading companion of Hijr. He had an iron...

After he had killed Hijr, Mu'awiya performed the hajj. Then he passed by A'isha. "He asked permission (to enter her house). She permitted him. When he sat down, she said to him: Did not you fear Allah When you killed Hijr and his companion?"1 Then sh...

After he had killed Hijr, Mu'awiya performed the h...

He was known as Hijr al-Khayr, His Kunya was Abu Abd al-Rahman b. Adi, b. al-Harith b. Amru b. Hijr, He was given the nickname (ie, laqab) of Akil al-Mirar. He was the king of the Kindis. It was said that he was the son of Adi b. Mu'awiya b. Jubla b....

He was known as Hijr al-Khayr, His Kunya was Abu A...

After his Peace Treaty with Al-Hasan, Mu'awiya adopted a spiteful attitude towards the leaders of the Shi'a. Through that attitude he showed neither mercy, nor conscience, nor covenant. He hurt the leaders of the Shi'a, banished them, tortured them, ...

After his Peace Treaty with Al-Hasan, Mu'awiya ado...

No wonder Mu'awiya was the first to ask Al-Hasan for making the peace.1 So he accepted Al-Hasan's conditions to take one thing from Him, that was government. Mu'awiya made this plan of his when two parties were getting ready to wage war against each ...

No wonder Mu'awiya was the first to ask Al-Hasan f...

From the foregoing study, repetitions is necessary for the research, we have have known that the best soldiers of Al-Hasan joined the vanguard that went to Maskan before. However, his soldiers at al-mada'in were the weakest of all soldiers in morale ...

From the foregoing study, repetitions is necessary...

When 'Uthman died, the title 'the governor' (al-wali) with which Mu'awiya was called died, too. We do not know which title he had used to call Himself after that, nor do we know the kind of his responsiblity according to the Islamic Law. However, we ...

When 'Uthman died, the title 'the governor' (al-wa...

In its meaning that makes life, martyrdom means sacrificing the life to enliven a good deed or to cause an evil deed to died. The sacrifice that is not for Allah is not an act martyrdom, nor is the dacrifice that not for enjoining good deeds and forb...

In its meaning that makes life, martyrdom means sa...

Up till now, we have brought nothing to quench thirst or to serve as a proof for understanding the reason why Al-Hasan, peace be on Him, turned away from martyrdom and accepted making peace practically. The most important point in the matter of Al-Ha...

Up till now, we have brought nothing to quench thi...

Al-Hasan broke the record when he yielded to this nobility. For no one of great figures have done that. Al-Hasan was able to yield to that noble attitude through the Divine qualities as strength, patience, renouncing worldly peasures. and the like. T...

Al-Hasan broke the record when he yielded to this ...

A group of the historians such as al-Tabari and b. al-Athir has narrated the following: "Indeed Mu'awiya had sent Al-Hasan a blank page. In the bottom of the page, there were his stamps." then Mu'awiya wrote Al-Hasan the following:"In this page, whos...

A group of the historians such as al-Tabari and b....

The two parties (ie, Al-Hasan and Mu'awiya) had adopted the idea of peacemaking. Thus it was natural for them to appoint a certain place to declare the Peace Treaty. In other words the two sides wanted to hold their meeting at one place to be a pract...

The two parties (ie, Al-Hasan and Mu'awiya) had ad...

Mu'awiya sent letters to Al-Hasan to pave the way to make peace with Him. In these letters the fate of the Succession to authority was clearly limited. For exampl, Mu'awiya asked Al-Hasan to hand over the authority for his lifetime. Thus he said: "th...

Mu'awiya sent letters to Al-Hasan to pave the way ...

From what we have already mentioned, we have understood that Mu'awiya said to his son Yazid concerning the members of the House (ahl al-Bayt), peac be on them: "Indeed the right is their right. Also we have known that Mu'awiya wrote to Al-Hasan to pa...

From what we have already mentioned, we have under...

It is enough for us to mention the words which Mu'awiya said concerning the Peace Treaty with Al-Hasan, peace be on Him. Many historians have narrated these words on his authority. Among them is b. Kuthayr, who has reported these words of Mu'awiya: "...

It is enough for us to mention the words which Mu'...