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The Life of Imam

Mohammed al-Baqir

PUBLISHER'S PREFACE 5
DEDICATION 7
INTRODUCTION 9

CHAPTER I

THE GREAT BABY 17
HIS MOTHER 17
HIS FATHER 18
THE GREAT BABY 18
HIS NAME 18
HIS KUNYA 18
HIS NICKNAME 20
THE GREETINGS OF THE PROPHET TO AL-BAQIR 21
HIS FEATURES 24
HIS EARLY CLEVERNESS 25
HIS SOLEMNITY AND HIS PRESTIGE 25
THE INSCRIPTION OF HIS RING 26
HIS RESIDENCE 27

CHAPTER II

UNDER THE AUSPICES OF AL-HUSAYN AND ALI 29
UNDER THE CARE OF HIS GRANDFATHER 29
UNDER THE AUSPICES OF HIS FATHER 31
ADMIRATION AND GLORIFICATION 31
    1. Sa'id b. al-Musayyab
31
    2. Al-Zuhri
31
    3. Zayd b. Aslam
32
    4. 'Umar b. Abd al-Aziz
32
    5. Abu Hazim
32
    6. Malik
32
    7. Jabir b. Abd Allah
32
    8. Al-Waqidi
32
HIS HIGH MORALS 33
HIS PROCLAIMING KNOWLEDGE35
HIS URGING (THE MOSLEMS) TO SEEK KNOWLEDGE35
HIS HONORING THE SEEKERS OF KNOWLEDGE 35
THE READERS OF THE KORAN CLEAVED TO HIM36
HIS FREEING OF SLAVES 36
HIS WORSHIP AND HIS PIETY 37
HIS ALMS AND HIS KINDNESS39
THE WONDERFUL POEM OF AL-FARAZDAQ41
DEEP SADNESS44
HIS COMMANDMENTS TO HIS SON AL-BAQIR45
HIS SUPPLICATION FOR HIS CHILDREN47
IN PROTECTION FROM IMMORTALITY 52
AL-WALID POISONED THE IMAM52
HIS DESIGNATION FOR THE IMAMATE OF AL-BAQIR53
HIS BEQUESTS TO HIS SON AL-BAQIR 54
TO THE HIGH COMRADE54
HIS PREPARATION FOR BURIAL55
HIS FUNERAL55
TO HIS FINAL RESTING PLACE 56
FABRICATION57

CHAPTER III

HIS BROTHER AND HIS CHILDREN59
HIS BROTHERS59
ZAYD THE MARTYR60
HIS BIRTH60
HIS EARLY LIFE 61
HIS WORSHIP AND HIS PIETY61
HIS KNOWLEDGE AND HIS LITERATURE62
IMAM AL-BAQIR ADMIRED ZAYD64
WITH HISHAM B.'ABD AL-MALIK65
THE LEGAL UPRISING68
THE GREAT UPRISING70
Treason and perfidy73
UNDER THE PROTECTION OF IMMORTALITY74
TORTURING ZAYD'S SUPPORTERS76
THE MOSLEMS DISCONTENT77
BURNING THE GREAT BODY79
WITH AL-MAS'UDI80
AL-HUSAYN AL-ASGHAR (THE YOUNGER)81
    His Religious knowledge
81
    His Clemency and his solemnity
81
    His Devotion and his piety
82
'ABD ALLAH AL-BAHIR 82
    His Nickname
83
    His Religious knowledge
83
    His Authority over the Heirlooms of the Prophet
83
    His Death
84
'UMAR AL-ASHRAF 84
    His Kunya
84
    His Nickname
84
    His Religious Knowledge
85
    His Authority over the Heirlooms of the Prophet
85
    His Death
85
'ALI85
IMAM AL-BAQIR'S CHILDREN86
    1. Ibrahim
86
    2. Imam Ja'far
86
    3. 'Abd Allah
87
    4. 'Ali
87
    5. 'Abd Allah
88

CHAPTER IV

ADMIRATION AND GLORIFICATION91
1. IMAM AL-SADIQ91
2. MOHAMMED B.AL-MUNKADIR91
3. SUDAYF AL-MAKKI92
4. HISHAM B.'ABD AL-MALIK 92
5. AL-MANSUR AL-DAWANIQI 92
6. ABD ALLAH B.'ATA'93
7. JABIR B. YAZID 94
8. JABIR B. 'ABD ALLAH94
9. IBN HAJAR AL-HAYTHAMI94
10. IBN KUTHAYR95
11. 'ABD AL-HAMID AL-HANBALI95
12. AL-NABAHANI96
13. AL-QIRMANI96
14. AL-DHAHABI96
16. MOHAMMED AL-JAZRI98
17. KAMAL AL-DIN AL-SHAFI'I98
18. IDRIS AL-QARASHI99
19. JAMAL AL-DIN99
20. MOHAMMED AL-SABBAN99
21. IBN ABI AL-HADDID99
22. SHAYKH AL-MUFID100
23. ABU AL-HASAN AL-TUBRISI100
24. TAJJ AL-DIN101
25. MAHMUD B.WHAYB101
26. 'ABBAS AL-MAKKI101
27. SAYYID KAZIM AL-YAMANI101
28. IBN TAYMIYA 102
29. AL-SHAYKHANI102
30. AL--MAJLISI103
31. AL-NAWAWI103
32. ABU ZAR'A104
33. IBN 'ANBA104
34. 'ALI B.'ISA AL-ARBALI104
35. AHMED FAHMI104
36. FARID WAJDI105
37. ABU ZAHRAH105
38. AL-TALMASANI105
39. 'ABD AL-QADIR AL-HALABI130

CHAPTER V

THE QUALITIES OF HIS CHARACTER 107
HIS IMAMATE107
INFALLIBILITY108
THE DEFINITION OF INFALLIBILITY109
THE EVIDENCE FOR INFALLIBILITY109
DOUBTS AND IMAGINATIONS 110
HIS CLEMENCY112
HIS PATIENCE113
HIS HONORING THE POOR115
HIS RELEASING THE SLAVES116
HIS SPENDING ON HIS COMPANIONS116
HIS ALMS TO THE POOR OF MEDINA116
HIS GENEROSITY AND HIS LIBERALITY116
HIS WORSHIP119
    A. His Reverence in his Prayer
119
    B. His many Prayers
119
    C. His Supplications during his Prostration
120
    D. His Supplication during his Personal Prayers
121
HIS PILGRIMAGE124
HIS WHISPERED PRAYER WITH ALLAH 125
HIS PRAISING ALLAH125
HIS RENOUNCING WORLDLY PLEASURES125

CHAPTER VI

HIS TALENT AND HIS GENIUS127
THE SCIENTIFIC LIFE AT HIS TIME128
THE BRIGHT ROLE OF THE IMAM128
THE SCIENCES THE IMAM DISCUSSED129
    The Tradition:
129
    The reports of the Imams
131
THE TRADITION OF IMAM AL-BAQIR 132
    His Traditions from the Prophet
132
    Der'ar, Murah, Harb, Zalim
146
    His Traditions on the Authority of the Commander of the Faithful
157
    His Narration from his Grandfather Al-Husayn
160
    His Narration from his father
161
    His Narration from Jabir al-Ansari
161
    His Narration from 'Umar
162
    His Narration from b. 'Abbas
162
    His Narration from Zayd b. 'Arqam
163
    His Narration from Abi Dharr
163
THE EXEGESIS OF THE HOLY KORAN164
    The Virtue of Reciting the Koran
164
    Repetition of Reciting the Koran
164
    The Koran far above Falsehood
165
    The Imam dispraised those who distort the Koran
165
    Figurative Usage in the Koran
166
    The Basmalah is part of the Suras of the Koran
166
THE KORAN WAS REVEALED IN SEVEN LETTERS167
    The seven letters
167
THE IMAM DENIED THE SEVEN LETTERS169
THE METHOD OF EXEGESIS 169
    The Exegesis through the transmitted sayings
169
    The Exegesis through the Opinion
170
IMAM AL-BAQIR'S EXEGESIS171
    Examples of Al-Baqir's Exegesis
171
THEOLOGY177
    Monotheism
178
      1. Allah is not attained through Reason
178
      2. The Eternity of the Neccessary Being
180
      3. Talking about the Essence of Allah is forbidden
182
      4. The Knowledge of Allah
182
      5. The Essence of Monotheism
183
      6. The Attributes of Allah
183
      7. Doubt and Unbelief
184
THE IMAMATE184
    The Critical Need for the Imam
184
    To Know the Imam is obligatory
185
    To Obey the Imam is obligatory
187
    The Right of the Imam against People
187
    The Dignity of the Imam
188
ACCEPTING THE LEADERSHIP OF THE IMAMAS OF AHL-BAYT88
AL-BAQIR PRAISED THE IMAMS189
THE NUMBER OF THE IMAMS191
THE SUFFERING OF THE IMAMS193
AL-BAQIR URGED REPORTERS AND TRADITIONALISTS TO PROCLAIM193
THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE IMAMS194
AL-BAQIR PREDICTED EVENTS 197
JURISPRUDENCE202
    Its Characteristics
204
      1. Its Connection by the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family)
204
      2. Its Flexibility
205
      3. It has opened a Door to Ijtihad
206
      4. It resort to the Judgment of Reason
207
JURISPRUDENTIAL PROBLEMS207
    The Rules of Fighting in Islam
208
WIPING THE TWO LIGHT LEATHER BOOTS (KHUFFAYN)WITH WATER211
TOUCHING THE VESTIBULE OF THE VULVA DOES NOT INVALIDATE WUDU211
RAISING THE VOICE DURING THE QUITE PRAYER212
ASKING ALLAH TO BLESS MOHAMMED AND HIS FAMILY IN TASHAHHUD212
SCIENCE OF FUNDAMENTALS213
    Presumption of Continuity (Istishab)
214
    The Rule of Passing ( Qaidat al-Tajawiz)
214
    The Rule of Finishing (Qaidat al-Faragh)
214
    The Rule of Removing Harm
215
THE REMEDY OF CONTRADICTION216
    1. Publicity (al-Shuhra)
217
    2. The Tradition should be harmonious with the Book and the Sunnah
217
    3. Preferring the Tradition through the Qualities of Narrators
218
ECONOMIC RESEARCHES218
    1.The Necessity of Improving Livelihood
218
    2.Warning from the Laziness
218
    3.Al-BAqir detested those who left Work
219
    4.Work is Obedience to Allah
219
KNOWLEDGE AND SCHOLARS220
    1. The Virtue of Knowledge
220
    2. The Virtue of the Scholar
221
    3. Association with Scholars and the Pious
221
    4. Discussing Knowledge
222
    5. Rules for the Student
222
    6. Proclaiming Knowledge
222
    7. The Imam urged Moslems to learn
222
    8. Understanding the Religion
223
    9. Putting Knowledge into effect
223
    10. Action coupled with Knowing Allah is accepted
223
    11. The Imam dispraised Boasting of Seeking Knowledge
224
    12. Giving Religous OPinion without Knowledge
225
    13. The Qualities of the Scholar
225
TRADITIONS ON FAITH227
    1. The essence of Faith
227
    2. The Ranks of Faith
228
    3. The Qualities of the Pious
229
WITH THE SHI'ITES231
    1. His Commandments to his Shi'ites
231
    2. The Early Shi'ites
234
    3. The Attributes of the Shi'ites
235
    4. Al-Baqir's Commandments to Shi'ites
236
    5. Love for Ahl al-Bayt
238
    6. Why have Shi'ites been called rafida?
241
    7. Al-Baqir's Supplication for his Shi'ites
241
THE LIVES AND MAXIMS OF THE PROPHETS242
    1. Part of Allah's Revelation to Adam
242
    2. Solomons maxim
243
    3. A maxim in the Torah
243
    4. Why was Noah called the Grateful Servant?
243
    5. Noah's Prayer against his People
244
    6. Ismael was the first to speak Arabic
244
    7. Allah whispered words to Moses
244
    8. Al-Baqir's denied that the Prophet was Illiterate
245
    9. Noah and Iblis
245
    10. The Death of Solomon
246
    11. Jacob's meeting with Joseph
246
    12. The Period of Jacob's Life in Egypt
247
ON THE PROPHET'S LIFE247
    1. The Prophet borrowed Weapons from Safwan
248
    2. Khalid marched to Bani Judhayma
248
THE LIFE OF IMAM 'ALI249
THE COMMANDER OF THE FAITHFUL PREDICTED THE MURDER OF AL-HUSAYN250
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMMANDER OF THE FAITHFUL251
THE EVENTS OF SIFFIN251
    Raising the Siege from the Water
251
    Mu'awiya and 'Amru b. Al-'As
252
    Imam 'Ali delivered a Sermon at Siffin
252
    The Day of Al-Harrir
254
    The Document of the Arbitration
256
THE TRAGEDY OF IMAM HUSAYN257
    The Narration of 'Ammar Al-Dihni
258
    Criticisms
265
IMAM AL-BAQIR'S VALUABLE COMMANDMENTS266
    His Commandments to his Son Al-Sadiq
266
    His Commandments to one of his Children
267
    His Commandments to 'Umar b. 'Abd Al-'Aziz
267
    His Commandments to Jabir Al-Ju'fi
268
    His Commandments to a Moslem
271
    His Commandments to one of his Companions
271
HIS PREACHING273
THE VIRTUE OF REASON277
CLEVERNESS277
CONTEMPLATION278
NOBLE MANNERS278
    1. Kindness
278
    2. Fairness
279
    3. Kindness should be Equivalent to Fairness
279
RULES OF CONDUCT280
    1. Cheerfulness
280
    2. Treating people kindly
280
MOSLEM'S RIGHTS280
FULFILLING THE MOSLEM'S NEED281
RELATIONS WITH WOMB RELATIVES281
ALMS282
PITY FOR THE ORPHAN282
GOOD QUALITIES282
SILENCE283
BAD QUALITIES AND DEEDS283
BACKBITING AND SLANDER285
ANGER AND ITS REMEDY286
VANITY286
AL-BAQIR'S SUPPLICATION286
IMAM AL-BAQIR URGED MOSLEMS TO SUPPLICATION289
WONDERFUL MAXIMS289
DID AL-BAQIR WRITE POETRY?297

CHAPTER VII

KUTHAYR 'AZZAH AND AL-KUMAYT299
KUTHAYR 'AZZAH299
    His Obedience to the Members of the House (Ahl al-Bayt), peace be on them
299
    His Obedience to Al-Baqir
300
    Kuthayr praised the Sons of Marwan
300
    His Death
301
FABRICATED NARRATION301
    Criticisms
302
AL-KUMAYT AL-ASADI303
    His Birth and his Early Life
303
    His Talents
303
    His Poetry
304
    Al-Kumayt and AL-Farazdaq
304
    The Characteristics of his Poetry
306
    His firm Doctrine
309
    Al-Kumayt and Imam Al-Baqir
309
    His longing for seeing the Imam
310
    Al-Kumayt elegized Al-Husayn
311
    A Poem of his Poems called Al-Hashimiyat
312
    His Poem called Al-Lamiya
322
    His Poem called Al-'Ayniya
324
    His firm Struggle
326
      1. His praising Ahl al-Bayt
327
      2. HIs dispraising the Umayyads
327
      3. His moving Tribalism between the Yemenis and the Nazaris
328
    His Arrest
329
    His Escape from Prison
330
    Al-Kumayt received Forgiveness
330
    Admonition and Apology
332
    To Paradise
333

CHAPTER VIII

INSIGNIFICANT KINGS
MARWAN BIN AL-HAKAM335
    1. The Prophet cursed him
335
    2. His father was banished from Medina
336
    3. During the Days of 'Uthman
337
    His Inclinations and his Qualities
338
    Marwan was fond of cursing the Commander of the Faithful
339
    His Caliphate
339
    His Death
341
'ABD AL-MALIK BIN MARWAN341
    His Qualities
341
      1. Tyranny
341
      2. Perfidy
342
      3. Cruelty and Uselessness
342
      4. Miserliness
343
'Abd al-Malik transferred the Hajj to Jerusalem343
'Abd al-Malik disparaged his Predecessors344
'Abd al-Malik appointed al-Hajjaj as Governor344
    The Prophet's Prophecy
344
    The Prophecy of the Commander of the Faithful
345
    The Indignant with al-Hajjaj
345
      1. 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz
346
      2. 'Aism
346
      3. Al-Qasim
346
      4. Zadhan
346
      5. Tawus
346
    Some of al-Hajjaj's Characteristics
346
    His Unbelief
348
      Disdaining the Prophet
348
    Some of al-Hajjaj Crimes
349
      He punished the Shia severely
349
      The critical Condition of Kufa
350
      He attacked the Kaba with Catapults
351
      His Prisons
351
    His Death
352
    'Abd al-Malik and al-Akhtal
352
    Imam al-Baqir and Abd al-Malik
353
    Abd al-Malik ordered Imam al-Baqir to be arrested
354
    Imam al-Baqir freed Islamic money
355
    The Death of Abd al-Malik
358
AL-WALID BIN ABD AL-MALIK358
SULAYMAN BIN ABD AL-MALIK360
    His Death
360
UMAR BIN ABD AL AZIZ361
    He prevented the People from Cursing
362
    He gave the Alids their Rights
364
    He returned Fadak
364
    Umar bin Abd al-Aziz
367
      1. Imam al-Baqir predicated of Umar's Caliphate
367
      2. 'Umar honored Imam al-Baqir
367
      3. 'Umar exchanged letters with Imam al-Baqir
368
    Baseless Accusation
369
    Criticisms
369
    His Death
370
YAZID BIN ABD AL-MALIK370
HISHAM BIN ABD AL-MALIK371
    Imam al-Baqir in Damascus
372
      Imam al-Baqir made a Speech in Damascus
373
    Imam al-Baqir was arrested
374
      Imam al-Baqir and a Priest
377
    Hisham ordered the Shops to be closed
379

CHAPTER IX

THE TIME OF IMAM AL-BAQIR381
THE ISLAMIC SECTS381
    The Mu'tazilites
382
      The history of the Mu'tazilites
382
      The Mu'tazilites and Policy
382
      The Mu'tazilites and the Christians
384
      The fundamental Doctrines
384
        1. Oneness of Allah
384
        2. Divine Justice
385
        3. Promise and Threat
386
        4. Rank between two Ranks
386
        5. Enjoying Good and Forbidding Evil
387
      The Shia and the Mu'tazilites
387
        Generally accept Matters
389
        General unaccepted Matters
398
      1. The Imamate of the Mafdul
389
          2. Intercession
390
      Imam al-Baqir and the Leaders
390
        1. Al-Hasan al-Basri
390
        2. Imam al-Baqir refuted al-Hasan
391
        3. I

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